AmCham’s position paper examines the criminal liability framework governing the development and use of artificial intelligence systems introduced under Article 215a of the Croatian Criminal Code. It highlights the overly broad range of potentially liable persons, the vague concept of “causing danger,” and the resulting regulatory uncertainty for the business community.

AmCham recommends linking criminal liability to specific breaches of safety and regulatory obligations, clearly defining the most serious forms of AI misuse, and applying criminal law as a measure of last resort.